Email this article 
EFFECTS OF USING THE JAPANESE ABACUS METHOD UPON THE ADDITION AND MULTIPLICATION PERFORMANCE OF GRADE 3 INDONESIAN STUDENTS
(1) Tarakanita Institute
(2) Chiang Kai Shek College
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
This quasi-experimental study was conducted to determine the effect on accuracy and finish time of using the Japanese abacus method on the addition and multiplication performance of thirty Grade 3 pupils in selected schools in Indonesia. Fifteen formed the experimental group, were enrolled in abacus training classes outside of their respective schools, and were taught personally by the researcher through additional abacus treatment for ten meetings. The rest of the students formed the control group who do not use the abacus. Both groups were given the same pretest and posttest on addition and multiplication based on the Indonesian curriculum. Afterwards, students scores and finish time were analyzed using F-test and Students t-test. Results show that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of finish time in addition, scores in multiplication, and finish time in multiplication. Results also show that there is a significant increase in multiplication score in the experimental group from pretest to posttest. Student interviews, observations, and analyses of sample solutions revealed several errors that were parallel to Stiglers classification.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Amaiwa, S. (2001). The ripple effect and future prospect of abacus learning. Retrieved from http://www.shuzan.jp/english/brain/brain.html
Amaiwa, S., & Hatano, G. (1989). Effects of abacus learning on 3rd-graders performance in paper and pencil tests of calculation. Japanese Psychology Research, 31(4), 161-168.
Anonymous. (2007). Abacus and its history. Retrieved from www.ucmas.usa.com
Anonymous. (2008). Abacus mental math. Retrieved from http://www.abacuslessons.com/abacus-mental-math.html
Anonymous. (2008). Learn abacus. Retrieved from http://www.abacuslessons.com/
Anonymous. (2008). Why the abacus is important for children. Retrieved from http://www.abacuslessons.com/why-the-abacus-is-important-for-children.html
Anonymous. (2015). Soroban lesson. Retrieved from www.youtube.com/watch?v=xdzn-ZBaMsI
Ashcraft, M. H., & Koshmider, J. W. (1991). The development of childrens mental multiplication skills. Retrieved from http://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0022096591900776&ei=yjPpByv9&lc=id-ID&s=1&m=184&host=www.google.com&ts=1516165755&sig=AOyes_QCylgsAHwYI6c0-yyGVSOgBXzzng
Bernazzani, D. (2005). The soroban-abacus handbook. Retrieved from http://www.pdffiller.com
Bhaskaran, M., Sengottaiyan, A., Madhu, S., & Ranganathan, V. (2006). Evaluation of memory in abacus learners. Indian J Physicol Pharmacol 50(3), 225-233.
Chen, M., Wang, T., & Wang, C. (2011). Effect of mental abacus on working memory for children. Journal of Chinese Institute of Industrial Engineers, 28(6), 450-457.
Corle, C. (1964). Teaching mathematics in the elementary school. New York: The Ronald Press Company.
Creswell, J. (2009). Research design. (3 Ed.). CA: Sage.
Flom, G., & Heffelfinger, T. (2004). Abacus: Mystery of the bead. Retrieved from http://mduchin.math.tufts.edu/UMich/385/soroban.pdf
Frank, M. & Barner, D. (2011). Representing exact number visually using mental abacus. California: American Psychological Association.
Gera, M. & Kaur, J. (2014). Theme-role of abacus learning in mathematics. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach and Studies.
Gilmore, D. (1997). The effect of the abacus in the elementary mathematics classroom. Retrieved from http://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=http://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/10490/&ei=S0M0339w&lc=id-ID&s=1&m=184&host=www.google.com&ts=1516165543&sig=Aoyes_QZOF3xhxxZkZQJXU4Ym_RqBrwLKQ
Hayashi, T. (2000). What abacus education ought to be for the development of the right brain. Retrieved from http://www.shuzan.jp/english/brain/brain.html
Indriyastuti. (2015). Dunia Matematika untuk kelas III SD dan MI. Solo: Platinum.
Kawano, K. (2000). Image thinking of abacus users in higher ranks by a study of brain waves. Retrieved from http://www.shuzan.jp/english/brain/brain.html
Koop, D. (2015). How to multiply on the Soroban. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-n_Xgo96XDw
Miller, K. & Stigler, J. (1991). Meaning of skill: Effects of abacus expertise on number representation. Cognition and Instruction, 8(1), 29-67.
Nebres, B. & Lee-Chua, Q. (2005). Successful High-Level Problem Solving in the Philippines, plenary lecture delivered at EARCOME 3, East China Normal University, Peoples Republic of China, August 2005.
Nebres, B. (1988). School Mathematics in the 1990s: Recent Trends and the Challenge to Developing Countries. In A. Hirst and K. Hirst (Ed.), Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress on Mathematical Education. (pp. 11-27). Budapest: ICMI Secretariat, Janos Bolyai Mathematics Society.
Perkins, D. N., & Salomon, G. (1992). The Science and Art of Transfer. In A. L. Costa, J. Bellanca, & R. Forgarty (Eds.). If mind matter: A foreword to the future. 1, 201-210. Palatine II: Skylight Publishing.
Polya, G. (1945). How to Solve it. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D.,& Campbell, D. T. (2002). Quasi-experimentation: Design and analysis issues for field settings. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Shwalb, D., Sugie, S., & Yang, C. (2004). Motivation for abacus studies and school mathematics: A longitudinal study of Japanese 3rd 6th graders. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.id/books?id=KfonDwAAQBA&pg=PA130&lpg=PA130&dq=motivation+for+abacus+studies+and+school+mathematics&source=bl&ots=W_=4jnm7dl&sig=r1AK6DhGIgK1YF_puT4fGpTkcw&hi=id&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj7z97em97YAhUBrZQKHYInBvYQ6AEwAXoECBMQAA
Stigler, J. (1984). Mental Abacus: The Effect of Abacus Training on Chinese Childrens Mental Calculation. Cognitive Psychology, 16, 145-176.
Stigler, J., Chalip, L., & Miller, K. (1986). Consequences of skills: The case of abacus training in Taiwan. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Sy, H. (2011). Parts of abacus. Retrieved from http://funabacus.blogspot.com/2011/07/parts-of-abacus.html
Sy, H. (2011). Soroban abacus moving techniques. Retrieved from http://funabacus.blogspot.com/2011/07/soroban-abacus-moving-techniques.html.
Wadsworth, B. (1996). Piagets theory of cognitive and affective development. London: Longman Publisher.
Wang, C., Geng, F., Yao, Y., Weng, J., Hu, Y., & Chen, F. (2015). Abacus training affects math and task switching abilities and modulates their relationship in Chinese Children. China: Plos One.
Westcott, A., & Smith, J. (1968). Creative teaching of mathematics in the elementary school. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Inc.
Woolfolk, A. (2004) Educational Psychology. Boston: Pearson Allyn and Bacon, Inc.
Wu, T., Chen, C.., Huang, Y., Liu, R., Hsieh, J., & Lee, J. (2009). Effect of long-term practice and task complexity on brain activities when performing abacus-based mental Calculation: a pet study. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.v2i1.957
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2018 Juliana Juliana, Lester C. Hao
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Indexed and abstracted in:
IJIET Sinta 2 Certificate (S2 = Level 2)
We would like to inform you that IJIET (International Journal of Indonesian Education and Teaching):has been nationally accredited Sinta 2 by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia based on the decree No. Surat Keputusan 158/E/KPT/2021. Validity for 5 years: Vol 5 No 2, 2021 until Vol 10 No 1, 2026.
This work is licensed under CC BY-SA.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
IJIET DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/ijiet
p-ISSN: 2548-8422 (since 5 January 2017); e-ISSN: 2548-8430 (since 5 January 2017)
IJIET (International Journal of Indonesian Education and Teaching) is published twice a year, namely in January and July, by the Institute for Research and Community Services of Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.