KEKERASAN DALAM NOVEL LOLONG ANJING DI BULAN KARYA ARAFAT NUR: PERSPEKTIF JOHAN GALTUNG

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penulis menggunakan paradigma Werren dan Wellek yang membagi penelitian sastra atas dua pendekatan, yaitu pendekatan intrinsik dan ekstrinsik. Pendekatan intrinsik digunakan untuk menganalisis struktur cerita dalam Novel Lolong Anjing di Bulan karya Arafat Nur. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode analisis data, deskriptif kualitatif, dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik simak catat, dan studi pustaka. Hasil analisis struktur intrinsik pembangun cerita yang terdiri atas alur, tokoh dan penokohan, serta latar dalam Novel Lolong Anjing di Bulan karya Arafat Nur adalah sebagai berikut. Alur dalam novel terbagi atas (1) peristiwa, (2) konflik, dan (3) klimaks. Tokoh dan penokohan terbagi atas (1) tokoh utama, (2) tokoh tambahan. Latar terbagi atas (1) latar tempat, (2) latar waktu, dan (3) latar sosial. Hasil dari penelitian bentuk-bentuk kekerasan sebagai berikut. Kekerasan yang terdapat dalam novel dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu kekerasan langsung, kekerasan struktural, dan kekerasan budaya. Kekerasan langsung dalam penelitian ini masih dibagi lagi menjadi tiga, yaitu (1) kekerasan langsung terhadap tokoh utama, (2) kekerasan langsung terhadap rakyat Aceh, dan (3) kekerasan langsung terhadap perempuan. Dalam kekerasan struktural, pemerintah menjadi penggerak terjadinya peristiwa kerusuhan di Aceh. Pemerintah melalui kebijakankebijakannya telah membuat alam di Aceh terkuras, rakyat Aceh yang berjuang untuk merebut kembali juga mendapatkan penindasan dari tentara suruhan pemerintah, dan kekerasan budaya dalam penelitian ini juga masih dibagi lagi menjadi tiga, yaitu (1) Gerakan Aceh Merdeka, (2) Ideologi Islam, dan (3) kekerasan terhadap perempuan.

Kata Kunci: Kekerasan Langsung, Kekerasan Struktural, Kekerasan Budaya, Johan Galtung, Deskriptif Kualitatif

ABSTRACT

The author uses Werren and Wellek's paradigm which divides literary research into two approaches, namely intrinsic and extrinsic approaches. An intrinsic approach is used to analyze the structure of the story in Arafat Nur's Lolong Dog di Bulan Novel. In this study, researchers used data analysis methods, qualitative descriptive, and data collection techniques using note-taking techniques, and literature study. The results of the analysis of the intrinsic structure of the story builder consisting of plot, characters and characterizations, as well as the setting in Arafat Nur's Lolong Dog di Bulan Novel are as follows. The plot in the novel is divided into (1) events, (2) conflict, and (3) climax. Characters and characterizations are divided into (1) main character, (2) additional character. The setting is divided into (1) place setting, (2) time setting, and (3) social setting. The results of the research on forms of violence are as follows. The violence contained in the novel is divided into three, namely direct violence, structural violence, and cultural violence. Direct violence in this study is further divided into three, namely (1) direct violence against the main character, (2) direct violence against the people of Aceh, and (3) direct violence against women. In structural violence, the government became the driving force behind the riots in Aceh. The government through its policies has depleted nature in Aceh, the Acehnese who are struggling to reclaim it have also received oppression from government troops, and cultural violence in this study is still further divided into three, namely (1) the Free Aceh Movement, (2) Ideology Islam, and (3) violence against women.

Keywords: Direct Violence, Structural Violence, Cultural Violence, Johan Galtung, Qualitative Descriptive