EFL PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION THROUGH REFLECTIVE MENTORING DURING TEACHING PRACTICUM
(1) Sanata Dharma University, Indonesia
(2) Universitas Negeri Malang and Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia
(3) Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
(4) Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Mentoring in language teacher education has been widely acknowledged to foster pre-service teachers’ reflective practice. While previous studies have focused on pre-service teachers’ practical teaching skills, their cultivation of inner professional selves remains under-researched. For this reason, this study aims to examine how reflective mentoring catalyzes EFL pre-service teachers’ professional identity construction during teaching practicum. A case study design was employed in this study. Two mentors (one male and one female) and four EFL pre-service teachers (two males and two females), who were purposefully selected, participated in this study. Data were collected through video-recording ten mentoring sessions and interviewing both the mentors and pre-service teachers. Thematic analysis was then employed to analyze the data. The findings revealed that the reflective mentoring catalyzed the pre-service teachers’ professional identity construction during teaching practicum by creating a systematic and supportive space for reflecting on temporal, theoretical, and practical experiences. The space arose from five factors in the mentoring, including systematic processes of reflection, non-judgmental and supportive mentors, interpersonal bonds and interconnectedness, past and present connections, and theory-practice continuums. Reflection particularly contributed to the identity construction since it allowed the pre-service teachers to examine their professional experiences and derive meaning for their professional identities. Based on the findings, this study suggests that mentoring during teaching practicum should encompass both the practical aspects of teaching and the inner professional selves of EFL pre-service teachers.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Agudo, J. D. D. M. (2024). Identity and autonomy development in learning to teach EFL: Making sense of cognitive/emotional dissonance. In M. J. Raya, B. M. Vázquez, & F. Vieira (Eds.), Pedagogies for autonomy in language teacher education (pp. 29-44). London: Routledge.
Alsup, J. (2018). Teacher identity discourse as identity growth: Stories of authority and vulnerability. In P. Schutz, J. Hong, & D. C. Francis (Eds.), Research on teacher identity: Mapping challenges and innovations (pp. 13-23). Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93836-3_2
Amalia, L. L., Widiati, U., Basthomi, Y., & Cahyono, B. Y. (2020). Reflective practice on lesson planning among EFL teacher educators. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 10(1), 153-160. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v10i1.25025
Ambrosetti, A., Knight, B. A., & Dekkers, J. (2014). Maximizing the potential of mentoring: A framework for pre-service teacher education. Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning, 22(3), 224-239. https://doi.org/10.1080/13611267.2014.926662
Ardi, P., Mukti, T. W. P., Basthomi, Y., & Widiati, U. (2023). Delving into Indonesian EFL pre-service teachers’ professional identity configuration in teaching practicum. rEFLections, 30(2), 223–246. https://doi.org/10.61508/refl.v30i2.266762
Ardi, P., Sari, R., Hidayat, L. E., Dewi, O. T. S., & Cahyono, B. Y. (2023). In-service EFL teachers’ well-being during online teacher professional development program in Indonesia: An ecological perspective. Studies in Linguistics, Culture, and FLT, 11(2), 26-45. https://doi.org/10.46687/UUHH4920
Ardi, P., Widiati, U., Suryati, N., & Wulyani, A. N. (2025). EFL pre-service teachers’ professional knowledge construction in reflective mentoring: Insights from Indonesia. The Journal of ASIA TEFL, 22(1), 103-112. http://dx.doi.org/10.18823/asiatefl.2025.22.1.6.103
Ardi, P., Widyaningsih, T. L., & Widiati, U. (2023). Appreciative collaborative reflection to catalyze Indonesian EFL teachers’ identity configuration in a teacher professional education program. Education and Self Development, 18(2), 10–26. https://doi.org/10.26907/esd.18.2.0
Barkhuizen, G. (2017). Language teacher identity research: An introduction. In G. Barkhuizen (Ed.), Reflections on language teacher identity research (pp. 1–11). New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315643465
Beauchamp, C., & Thomas, L. (2010). Reflecting on an ideal: Student teachers envision a future identity. Reflective Practice, 11(5), 147–155. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623943.2010.516975
Borg, M. (2004). The apprenticeship of observation. ELT Journal, 58, 274-276. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/58.3.274
Botha, C. (2020). The impact of the apprenticeship of observation on pre-service teachers’ perceptions of teaching. Journal of Education, 81, 50-64. https://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2520-9868/i81a03
Buchanan, R. (2015). Teacher identity and agency in an era of accountability. Teachers and Teaching, 21(6), 700–719. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2015.1044329
Candela, A. G. (2019). Exploring the function of member checking. The Qualitative Report, 24(3), 619–628. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3726
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2023). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (6th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Day, C., Kington, A., Stobart, G., & Sammons, P. (2006). The personal and professional selves of teachers: Stable and unstable identities. British Educational Research Journal, 32(4), 601-616. https://doi.org/10.1080/01411920600775316
Du Plessis, A.E., & Dreyer, J. (2024). Reflections on initial teacher education and theoretical framing of applied pedagogical knowledge with a context-consciousness: An international study. Education Science, 14(5), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14050448
Ellis, N. J., Alonzo, D., & Nguyen, H. T. M. (2020). Elements of a quality pre-service teacher mentor: A literature review. Teaching and Teacher Education, 92, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2020.103072
Farrell, T. S. C, Baurain, B., & Lewis, M. (2020). ‘We teach who we are’: Contemplation, reflective practice and spirituality in TESOL. RELC Journal, 51(3), 337-346. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688220915647
Farrell, T. S. C., & Kennedy, B. (2019). Reflective practice framework for TESOL teachers: One teacher’s reflective journey. Reflective Practice, 20(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623943.2018.1539657
Ferraro, J. M. (2000). Reflective practice and professional development. Washington DC: ERIC Digest.
Flores, M. A. (2020). Feeling like a student but thinking like a teacher: A study of the development of professional identity in initial teacher education. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(2), 145–158. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1724659
Gee, J. P. (2000). Identity as an analytic lens for research in education. Review of Research in Education, 25, 99-125. https://doi.org/10.2307/1167322
Golder, G., Keyworth, A., & Shaw, C. (2020). Models of mentoring. In S. Salehjee (Ed.), Mentoring science teachers in the secondary school (pp. 11-21). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429400308
Gutiérrez, M. V. A., Adasme, M. A. N., & Westmacott, A. (2019). Collaborative reflective practice: Its influence on pre-service EFL teachers’ emerging professional identities. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 7(3), 53–70. https://doi.org/10.30466/ijltr.2019.120736
Hayati, N., Widiati, U., & Furaidah. (2018). Understanding reasons behind student teachers’ pedagogical decisions. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 15(2), 256-270.
Høyrup, S. (2004). Reflection as a core process in organisational learning. Journal of Workplace Learning, 16(8), 442-454. https://doi.org/10.1108/13665620410566414
Hsieh, B. Y. C. (2010). Exploring the complexity of teacher professional identity (Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley).
Hung, D. M., & Thuy, P. T. (2021). Reflective teaching perceived and practiced by EFL teachers - A case in the South of Vietnam. International Journal of Instruction, 14(2), 323-344. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14219a
Iswandari, Y. A., & Ardi, P. (2022). Intercultural communicative competence in EFL setting: A systematic review. rEFLections, 29(2), 361-380. http://dx.doi.org/10.61508/refl.v29i2.260249
Järvinen, A., & Poikela, E. (2001). Modelling reflective and contextual learning at work. Journal of Workplace Learning, 13(7–8), 282-289. https://doi.org/10.1108/13665620110411067
Körkkö, M. (2021). Towards meaningful reflection and a holistic approach: Creating a reflection framework in teacher education. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 65(2), 258–275. https://doi.org/10.1080/00313831.2019.1676306
Maclean, R., & White, S. (2007). Video reflection and the formation of teacher identity in a team of pre‐service and experienced teachers. Reflective Practice, 8(1), 47-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14623940601138949
Mann, S., & Walsh, S. (2017). Reflective practice in English language teaching: Research-based principles and practices. New York: Routledge.
Norton, B. (2013). Identity and language learning: Extending the conversation. Bristol: Multilingual matters.
Nue, M. P., & Manara, C. (2022). Pre-service teachers’ investments in English and construction of professional identity in the Indonesian context. Studies in English Language and Education, 9(2), 462–482. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v9i2.22557
Nunan, D. (2017). Language teacher identity in teacher education. In G. Barkhuizen (Ed.), Reflections on language teacher identity research (pp. 172-177). New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315643465
Othman, J., & Senom, F. (2020). Professional development through mentoring: Novice ESL teachers' identity formation and professional practice. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429433092
Pennington, M. C. (2015). Teacher identity in TESOL: A frames perspective. In Y. L. Cheung, S. B. Said, & K. Park (Eds.), Advances
and current trends in language teacher identity research (pp. 67–97). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315775135
Pennington, M. C., & Richards, J. C. (2016). Teacher identity in language teaching: Integrating personal, contextual, and professional factors. RELC Journal, 47(1), 5-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688216631219
Posada-Ortiz, J. (2022). English language preservice teachers’ identity construction within academic and other communities. Profile: Issues in Teachers’ Professional Development, 24(1), 247–260. https://doi.org/10.15446/profile.v24n1.93110
Prilla, M., Blunk, O., & Chounta, I. A. (2020). How does collaborative reflection unfold in online communities? An analysis of two data sets. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), 29(6), 697–741. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10606-020-09382-0
Richards, J. C. (2017). Teacher identity in second language teacher education. In G. Barkhuizen (Ed.), Reflections on language teacher identity research (pp. 139-144). New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315643465
Richards, J. C. (2023). Teacher, learner and student-teacher identity in TESOL. RELC Journal, 54(1), 252-266. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688221991308
Rose, H., Sahan, K., & Zhou, S. (2022). Global English medium instruction: Perspectives at the crossroads of Global Englishes and EMI. Asian Englishes, 24(2), 160-172. https://doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2022.2056794
Sadeghi, K., & Bahari, A. (2022). Second language teacher identity: A systematic review. In K. Sadeghi & F. Ghaderi (Eds.), Theory and practice in second language teacher identity: Researching, theorising and enacting (pp. 11-30). Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13161-5
Thomas, G. (2021). How to do your case study (3rd ed.). London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
Turhan, B., & Kirkgöz, Y. (2023). A critical and collaborative stance towards retrospective reflection in language teacher education. European Journal of Teacher Education. 46(2), 222–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2021.1917545
Tutyandari, C., Anandari, C., & Ardi, P. (2022). The implementation of virtual peer mentoring in micro teaching classes. LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching, 25(2), 447-460. https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.v25i2.4213
Ubaidillah, M. F., Andriyanti, E., & Triastuti, A. (2024). Understanding identity construction of Indonesian EFL teacher educators from a three-dimensional narrative. LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching, 27(2), 844-865. https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.v27i2.8944
Urzúa, A., & Vásquez, C. (2008). Reflection and professional identity in teachers’ future-oriented discourse. Teaching and Teacher Education, 24(7), 1935-1946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2008.04.008
van Braak, M., Giroldi, E., Huiskes, M., Diemers, A. D., Veen, M., & van den Berg, P. (2021). A participant perspective on collaborative reflection: Video-stimulated interviews show what residents value and why. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 26(3), 865-879. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-020-10026-7
Wu, H. P., Palmer, D. K., & Field, S. L. (2011). Understanding teachers’ professional identity and beliefs in the Chinese heritage language school in the USA. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 24(1), 47-60. https://doi.org/10.1080/07908318.2010.545413
Wulandari, M., & Purnamaningwulan, R. (2024). Exploring Indonesian EFL pre-service teachers’ experiences in AI-assisted teaching practicum: Benefits and drawbacks. LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching, 27(2), 878-894. https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.v27i2.8690
Wulyani, A. N., Elgort, I., & Coxhead, A. (2019). Exploring EFL teachers’ English language proficiency: Lessons from Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 9(2), 263-274. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v9i2.20217
Xu, H. (2013). From the imagined to the practiced: A case study on novice EFL teachers’ professional identity change in China. Teaching and Teacher Education, 31, 79-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2013.01.006
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.v28i1.9601
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Priyatno Ardi, Utami Widiati, Nunung Suryati, Anik Nunuk Wulyani

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Indexed and abstracted in:
LLT Journal Sinta 1 Certificate (S1 = Level 1)
We would like to inform you that LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching has been nationally accredited Sinta 1 by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia based on the decree No. Surat Keputusan 10/C/C 3/DT.05.00/2025. Validity for 5 years: Vol 26 No 2 2023 till Vol 31 No 1 2028.
Sinta 1 certificate to post here asap. Thank you for your patience and understanding.
This work is licensed under CC BY-SA.
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt, e-ISSN 2579-9533 and p-ISSN 1410-7201, is published twice a year, namely in April and October by the English Language Education Study Programme of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.