Munus Regendi dan Rasionalitas Moral dalam Pendirian Lembaga Katolik

Patricius Neonnub(1*), Yohanes Subani(2),

(1) Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira
(2) Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira Kupang
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This study examines the juridical and philosophical foundations of ecclesiastical authority in the establishment of public juridic persons (erectio canonica) within the Catholic Church. Using a normative–conceptual approach grounded in natural law theory and canon law, it argues that ecclesiastical authority derives its legitimacy not merely from institutional power but from moral rationality rooted in munus regendi, the pastoral office of governing in Christ’s name. The study finds that erectio canonica functions as both a legal and theological act, ensuring that Catholic institutions act in nomine Ecclesiae and maintain fidelity to the Church’s salvific mission. In Indonesia, harmonizing canon law and civil law remains essential to secure both legal validity and ecclesial legitimacy. The research concludes that genuine ecclesiastical authority integrates legality, morality, and pastoral mission toward the bonum commune ecclesiae.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini mengkaji dasar yuridis dan filosofis otoritas Gerejawi dalam pendirian badan hukum publik (erectio canonica) di dalam Gereja Katolik. Dengan pendekatan normatif–konseptual yang berlandaskan teori hukum alam dan hukum kanonik, penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa otoritas Gerejawi memperoleh legitimasi bukan dari kekuasaan kelembagaan, melainkan dari rasionalitas moral yang bersumber pada munus regendi—tugas pastoral untuk memimpin atas nama Kristus. Erectio canonica berfungsi sebagai tindakan hukum sekaligus teologis yang menjamin lembaga Katolik bertindak in nomine Ecclesiae dan tetap setia pada misi keselamatan Gereja. Dalam konteks Indonesia, sinergi antara hukum kanonik dan hukum sipil menjadi kunci bagi keabsahan hukum dan legitimasi eklesial. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa otoritas Gerejawi sejati menyatukan legalitas, moralitas, dan misi pastoral demi bonum commune ecclesiae.


Keywords


hukum kanonik; otoritas Gerejawi; munus regendi; legitimasi hukum; erectio canonica

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/div.v4i1.13671

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