STOICISME DALAM TEOLOGI SAKRAMEN SANTO AGUSTINUS

Riki Maulana Baruwarso

doi:10.24071/jt.v13i01.8250

STOICISME DALAM TEOLOGI SAKRAMEN SANTO AGUSTINUS

Riki Maulana Baruwarso

Abstract

Saint Augustine is tradionally known as a Christian thinker strongly influenced by Platonic tradition. His reflection on sacrament has strongly been considered as a Christian-Platonic achievement in theology. This work begs to differ on this point. It will analyse his sacramental theology and argue for a trace of Stoic tradition in his comprehension of the sacrament, instead of Platonic or Neoplatonic tradition. An analysis of his interest in language and rhetoric (i.e. his philosophy of language), the notions used, the logic applied could indicate a strong influence of Stoicism. His comprehension of the term ‘sign’ gives a hint of knowledge of or acquintance with the Stoic tradition. Given the importance of the notion ‘sign’ in his theology, his reflection on sacrament cannot be the other way round.

Abstrak

Secara tradisional santo Agustinus dikenal sebagai pemikir Kristiani yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh tradisi Platonis. Pemikirannya mengenai sakramen telah dipandang sebagai sebuah pencapaian Kristiani-Platonis dalam teologi. Tulisan ini menawarkan posisi yang berbeda. Tulisan ini akan menganalisa teologi sakramentalnya dan berargumentasi bahwa teologi sakramen St. Agustinus memberikan bukti adanya pengaruh tradisi Stoik, daripada pengaruh tradisi Platonis atau Neoplatonis. Analisa terhadap minatnya akan bahasa dan retorika (yakni, filsafat bahasa), terminologi-terminologi yang digunakan, logika yang diterapkan dapat menunjukkan pengaruh besar Stoicisme. Pemahamannya terhadap kata ‘tanda’ memberikan indikasi akan pengetahuan atau pengenalan akan tradisi Stoik. Menyadari pentingnya kata ‘tanda’ dalam teologinya, refleksi St. Agustinus mengenai sakramen pun turut menunjukkan pengaruh Stoicisme.

Keywords

St. Augustine, Stoicism, philosophy of language, word/verbum, sign, significabilia, sacramentum, res, divine grace. Santo Agustinus, Stoicisme, filsafat bahasa, kata/sabda, tanda, significabilia, sacramentum, res, rahmat Ilahi.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/jt.v13i01.8250