PERAN JENDER DALAM ENAM DRAMA BESAR

Abstract

This study aims at observing how gender roles are portrayed in certain drama texts, and how they dynamically change or develop. Gender studies also emphasize the importantce of focusing on culture when observing gender matters. Thus, literary works (including drama) as one of the main elements of culture are the most appropriate objects to study. The study observes six (6) drama texts. They are Oedipus the King (Sopochles, 429 B.C.); Macbeth (Shakespeare, 1599 1606); Hedda Gabler (Henrik Ibsen, 1890); A Marriage Proposal (Anton Chekov, 1890); A Streetcar Named Desire (Tennessee Willims, 1947); and, A Raisin in the Sun (Lorraine Hansberry, 1961). Two questios are proposed to lead the flow of the research: (1) How are gender roles portrayed in Oedipus the King, Macbeth, A Streetcar Named Desire, A Raisin in the Sun, Hedda Gabler, and A Marriage Proposal; and (2) How do the ideas of gender roles dynamically change or develop? This study results in two major findings. Firstly, the problems of gender roles societies believe that certain roles belong to either men or women. However, there is always an ambigutiy when discussing the issues of gender roles: women, in one hand, play a very significant role, but, in the other hand, women are always considered inferior to men. Secondly, the ideas move from being submissive to the stereotypes of gender roles to giving criticism and possible neegative-results when societies keep their stereotypes which are in many cases not reaaly strongly grounded. The decision on who must play a certain role should not be based on the sexes, but should be based on the necessity and the capability.
Keywords: gender roles, stereotypes, ambiguity.