CHILD MARRIAGE IN SHORT STORIES FROM INDONESIA AND BANGLADESH: VICTOR, SURVIVOR, AND VICTIM

Novita Dewi(1*),

(1) Sanata Dharma University
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Early marriage is a total destruction to the human rights of children. Contrary to the conviction that child marriage in rural, developing countries is inextricably linked with their cultural backwardness, violence against women need to be examined and addressed in terms of the specific socio-economic and cultural conditions as to why girls, adolescents and young women are forced to live and marry in their young age. This article examines two shorts stories from Indonesia to be analyzed comparatively with another story from Bangladesh to show the limit of mainstream feminist perspectives that often put the blame on minority cultures. The present study reveals that first, child marriages in both countries are largely driven by such factors as poverty, economic dependency, lack of education, and dowry in Bangladeshs case. Secondly, the ways in which authors depict child marriages vary, i.e. it is either perpetuating the violence in child marriage, or critically depicting child marriage as an aberrant patriarchal practice. Taken together, the child brides play their respective role as victor, survivor, or victim.

Keywords


child marriage; normalization; feminism; multiculturalism

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ang, I. (2003). Im a feminist but...Other women and postnational feminism. Dalam R. Lewis & S. Mills (Editor) Feminist Postcolonial Theory: A Reader (190-206). London: Routledge.

Braun, H. L. (2012). The Rise and Fall of the Femme Fatale in British Literature, 1790-1910. Madison: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.

Dewi, N. (2013, February). Women of will for nation building in Pramoedya's three early novels. Kritika Kultura Journal of Literary/cultural and Language Studies, (20), 1-20. http://journals.ateneo.edu/ojs/index.php/kk/article/view/KK2013.02001/838

Dewi, N. (2016). Melawan Normalisasi kekerasan: perkawinan bocah dalam dua cerpen Asia. In H. H. Setiajid (Editor) Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sastra dan Politik Partisan (127-134). Yogyakarta: Universitas Sanata Dharma.

Dewi, N. (2017). Under childrens eyes: becoming pious in Tayeb Salih and Pramoedya Ananta Toer short stories. Al-Jamiah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 55 (1), 27-46. http://aljamiah.or.id/index.php/AJIS/article/view/700/294ol.

Dewi, N. (2018, July) Postcolonial hermeneutics: concepts and contribution to understanding socio-religious problems in Southeast Asia. IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 2 (1), 47-66. https://doi.org/10.22146/ikat.v2i1.37392.

Harlan, Becky. (2015). Documenting child marriage for over a decadeand still going. National Geographic http://proof.nationalgeographic.com/2015/09/14/documenting-child-marriage-for-over-a-decade-and-still-going/

Hatley, B. (1980). Blora revisited. Indonesia, (30), 1-16.

Kamal, S.M.M. (2012, September). Decline in child marriage and changes in its effect on reproductive outcomes in Bangladesh. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 30 (3), 317-33. Retrieved May 25, 2018, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/23500187

Khan, R. S. (2010). Seduction. In M.A. Quayum (Editor). A Rainbow Feast: New Asian Short Stiries (119-131). Singapore: Marshall Cavendish.

Mikhail, S. L. B. (2002). Child marriage and child prostitution: two forms of sexual exploitation. Gender and Development, 10 (1), 43-49. Retrieved November 23, 2016, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/4030681

Mohanty, C. T. (2003). Under western eyes revisited: feminist solidarity through anticapitalist struggles. Signs: Journal of Women in culture and Society, 28 (2), 499-535.

(2018). Nikah dini tingkatkan risiko kematian ibu. KOMPAS, August 2, p. 10.

Okin, S. M. (1998). Feminism and multiculturalism: some tensions. Ethics, 108 (4), 661-684.

(2015). Plan International, Getting the Evidence: Asia Child Marriage Initiative. Retrieved December 13, 2016 from https://plan-international.org/worldwide-annual-review-2015

Subramanian, N. (2010, August). Making family and nation: Hindu marriage law in early postcolonial India. The Journal of Asian Studies, 69 (3), 771798. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021911810001476.

Suleri, S. (1992). Woman skin deep: feminism and the postcolonial condition. Critical Inquiry, 18 (4), 75669. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1343829?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

Susetyo, H. (2008, November 28). Pernikahan di bawah umur: tantangan legislasi dan harmonisasi hukum, Hukum Online. Retrieved on July 15, 2018, from http://www.hukumonline.com/berita/baca/hol20594/pernikahan-di-bawah-umur-tantangan-legislasi-dan-harmonisasi-hukum

Toer, P. A. (1994). Cerita dari Blora: Kumpulan Cerita Pendek. Jakarta: Hasta Mitra.

Toer, P. A. (2004). Inem. In W. Samuels (trans). All That Is Gone (31-48). New York: Hyperion.

Tohari, A. (2015). Minem Gave Birth to a Baby. In R. Kesauly (trans). Karyamins Smile (27-33). Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

Volpp, L. (2001, June). Feminism versus multiculturalism. Columbia Law Review, 101, (5), 11811218. Retrieved on February 19, 2010, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1123774.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/ijhs.v2i1.1511

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2018 Novita Dewi




Indexed and abstracted in:

 

         

 

IJHS Sinta 3 Certificate (S3 = Level 3)

International Journal of Humanity Studies (IJHShas been nationally accredited Sinta 3 by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia based on the decree  No. Surat Keputusan 158/E/KPT/2021. Validity for 5 years: Vol 4 No 1, 2020 till Vol 8 No 2, 2024

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under CC BY-SA.

Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

p-ISSN: 2597-470X (since 31 August 2017); e-ISSN: 2597-4718 (since 31 August 2017)

Flag Counter

Notice: The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the editorial team or publishers.

International Journal of Humanity Studies (IJHS) is a scientific journal in English published twice a year, namely in September and March, by Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.