PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL, KOMITMEN AFEKTIF, KOMITMEN KONTINUANS DAN KOMITMEN NORMATIF TERHADAP KESIAPAN BERUBAH (Studi pada Bank BRI Kantor Wilayah Yogyakarta)

Putri Oktovita Sari(1*),

(1) Universitas PGRI Madiun
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The Purpose of this research is to Examine the influence between transformational leadership, commitment on readiness to change. Transformational leadership and organizational commitment are the key factors to support readiness to change. Transformational leadership contributes to change employee commitment and push employee participation within readiness to change. Commitment divined by affective commitment, continuity commitment, and normative commitment on readiness to change. This research evaluates the reaction of leader and employee commitment to the change of business strategy in BRI Kanwil Yogyakarta. Methode of this research is Multiple regression. With distributedquestionnaireto 100 employees. The result of this research is thereeffect between transformational leadership on readiness to change, there is effect between affective commitment organizational on readiness to change, there is effect continuity commitment on readiness to change, and there is effect normative commitment on readiness to change.

Keywords


Readiness to Change, Transformational Leadership,commitment affective, commitment continuans, and commitment normative.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Allen, N. dan Meyer, J. P. (1990). The Measurement And Antecedents Of Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment To The Organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1-18

Allen, N. J. dan J. P. Meyer. (1997). Commitment in The Workplace Theory Research and Application. California Sage Publications, 76 (1), 38-56.

Anderson, D. dan Anderson, L. (2010). Beyond Change Management: How to Achieve Breakthrough Results through Conscious Change Leadership. Journal of Management, 67, 87-93.

Anjani, P.K. dan Dhanapal, D. (2012). Impact Of Employee Commitment On Readiness For Change In Banking Sector In Salem District.Sona Global Management Review,6 (3), 24-34.

Armenakis, A.A., Harris, S.G, dan Mossholder, K.W. (1993). Creating Readiness for Organizational Change. Human Relation, 46(6), 681-703.

Armenakis, A.A. dan Harris G.S. (2002). Crafting a Change Message to Create Transformational Readiness. Journal Of Organizational Change Management, 15(2), 169-183.

Armenakis, A.A., Harris, S.G. Mossholder, K.W. (2007). Creating readiness fororganizational change, Journal of Human Relations, 46, 681-703.

Attaran, M. (2000). Why Does Reengineering Fail? A Practical Guide for Successful Implementation. Journal of Management Development, 19, 794-801.

Bank Indonesia.(2012). Pidato Gubernur BI Untuk Perekonomian Global. http://www.bi.go.id. Diakses pada tanggal 15 Januari 2017.

Bank Rakyat Indonesia. (2015). https://ib.bri.co.id/ib-bri/laporantahunan/2015. Diakses pada tanggal 20 Mei 2016.

Bass, B. M., dan Avolio, B. J. (1990). Transformational Leadership Development: Manual for Multifactor Leadership Quetionnaire. CA Consulting Psychologist Press.

Avolio, B.J., Bass, B. M., dan Jung, D. I. (1999). Re-examining The Components of Transformational and Transactional Leadership Using The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 72, 441-462.

Battistelli, A., Montani, F., Odoardi, C., Vandenberghe, C., dan Picci, P. (2014). Employees Concerns about Change and Commitment to Change among Italian Organizations: The Moderating Role of Innovative Work Behavior. Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(7), 951-978.

Blackman, D., OFlynn, J. dan Ugyel, L. (2013). A Diagnostic Tool for Organisational Readiness for Complex Change. Article School of Management, 4, 1-18.

Burke W.W. dan Litwin G. (1992). A Causal Model of Organisational Performance and Change. Journal of Management, 18(3), 523-545

Bolden, R., Gosling, J., Marturono, A. And Dennison, P. (2003). A Review of Leadership Theory and Competency Frameworks. Exeter, Center of Leadership Studies, University of Exeter.

Bovey, W. H. dan Hede, A. (2001). Resistance to organizational change: The role of defence mechanisms. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 16, 534548.

Carter, J. C. (2012). Transformational Leadership and Pastoral Effectiveness. Pastoral Psychology, 58, 261-271.

Choi, M. Dan Ruona, A.E.W. (2011). Individual Readiness for Organizational Change and Implications for Human Resource and Organization Development. Human Resource Development Review, 10(1), 46-73.

Cummings, T.G dan Worley, C.G. (2014). Organization Development and Change. 10th Edition. South-Western: Thomson.

Cooper, D.R. dan Schindler,P.S. (2014). Business Research Method. 12thEdition. McGrawHills: International Edition.

Drucker, P.F. (2002). The Discipline of Innovation. Harvard Business Review, 1(1), 95-103.

Eby, L. T., Adams, D. M., Russell, J. E. A., dan Gaby, S. H. (2007). Perceptions of organizational readiness for change: Factor related to employees reactions to the implementation of team-based selling. Human Relations, 53, 419- 442.

Effelsberg, D. dan Solga, M. (2015). Transformational Leaders In-Group versus Out-Group Orientation: Testing the Link Between Leaders Organizational Pro-Organizational Behavior, and Follower-Perceived Transformational Leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 126, 581-590

Elias, S.M. (2009). Employee Commitment in Times of Change: Assessing the Importance of Attitudes Toward Organizational Change. Journal of Management, 35(1), 37-55.

Foster, R. D. (2010). Resistance, Justice, and Commitment to Change. Wiley InterScience, 21(1), 1-39.

Galphin, J.T. (1996). The Human Side of Change. Studies of Management and Organizational, 26 (1), 3-15.

Givens, R.J. (2008). Transformational Leadership: The Impact on Organizational and Personal Outcomes. Journal Emerging Leadership, 1(1), 4-42.

Greenberg,. Jerald dan Baron,. Robert A. (2000). Perilaku Organisasi. Jakarta: Prentice Hall.

Halkos, G.E. (2012). Importance and Influence of Organizational Changes on Companies and Their Employees. Journal of AdvancedResearch in Management, 3, 90-103.

Handoko, T.H. (2007). Mengukur Kepuasan Kerja. Jakarta: Erlangga.

Hechanova, R.M. (2012). Transformational Leadership, Change Management, and Commitment to Change. A Comparison of Academic and Business Organizations. Journal of Social Transformation, 22, 11-19.

Herscovitch, L. dan Meyer, J. P. (2002). Commitment to Organizational Change: Extension of a Three-Component Model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87 (3), 474-487.

Hill, N. S., Korinkova, N.M., Seo, M.G., Taylor, M.S., Tesluk, P.E., & Zhang, X. M. (2012). The Role of Affect and Leadership during The Organizational Change. Personnel Psychology, Vol.65, 121-165.

Hirsch, P. M., & Soucey, M. D. (2006). Organizational Restructuring and Its Consequences: Rhetorical and Structural. Annual Review of Sociology, 171 - 185.

Holt, D.T., Armenakis, A.A., Field, H.S. dan Harris, S.G. (2007). Readiness for Organizational Change: The Systematic Development of a Scale. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 43, 232-255.

Jaros, S. (2010). Commitment to Organizational Change: A Critical Review. Journal of Change Management, 10(1), 79-108.

Jones, R.G. (2013). Organizational Theory, Design, and Change. 7thEdition . New Jersey: Pearson.

Kalyal, H. J. (2009). Factors Affecting Commitment To Change And Its Outcomes Among Public Sector Managers In Pakistan (unpublished dissertation). National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad.

KoranTempo. (2014). Jelang Pasar Bebas Perbankan Kekurangan SDM yang Bagus.https://m.tempo.co/read/news/2014/05/15/090577837/jelang-pasar-bebas-perbankan-kekurangan-sdm-bagus. Diakses pada tanggal 19 Januari 2017.

Kreitner, R. dan Kinicki, A. (2011). Organizational Behavior, 9thEdition. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Lee, A.M.S. (2009). Antecendents of Commitment to and Support of A Proposed Change Initiative in A Southern Baptist Congregation. Faculty Of Philosophy, University of North Texas, Texas.

Liu, B. dan Hu, J. (2010). Person-Organization Fit, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Study in the Chinese Public Sector. Social Behavior and Personality, 38 (5), 615-620.

Lind, D.A. Marchal, W.G., Wathen, S.A. (2015). Statistical Techniques in Business and Economic.12thEditionNew York: McGraw-Hill.

Lippstreu, M.(2010). Revisting Fundamental Concepts of Transformational Leadership Theory: A Closer Look at Follower Developmental Processes. Faculty of Philosoph, Georgia Institute of Technology.

Machin, A.M., Fogarty, J.G. dan Bannon, F. (2009). Predicting Employees Commitment to and Support for Organizational Change. Journal of Organizational Psychology, 2, 10-18.

Maheswari, S. dan Vohra, V. (2015). Identifying Critical HR Practice Impacting Employee Perseption and Commitment during Organizational Change. Journal of Change Management, 28(5), 872-894.

Maxwell, T. dan Mitchel, S. (2010), Defining Climate Compatible Development. 3rd Edition. NewYork: CDKN and DFID.

Meyer, J. P. dan Allen, N. (1990). A Three Component Model Conceptualization of Organizational Commitment.Human Resource Management Review, 1 (1), 61-89.

Meyer, J. P. dan Herscovitch, L. (2001).Commitment in the workplace toward a general model.Human Resource Management Review, 11 (1), 299-326.

Meyer, J. P., Allen, N. dan Herscovitch, L. (2007).Commitment in the workplace toward a general model.Human Resource Management Review, 11 (1), 299-326.

Motes, B.K., Brown, A., Gneezy, A., Keenan, A.E. dan Nelson, D.L. (2012). Commitment and Behavior Change: Evidence from The Field. Journal of Consumer Research,1, 1-13.

Nordin, N. (2011). The Influence of Emotional Intelligence, Leadership Behavior and Organizational Commitment on Organizational Readiness for Change in Higher Learning Institution. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 129-138.

Oreg, S. (2003). Resistance to change: Developing an individual differences measure. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(4), 680-693.

Oreg, S., & Berson, Y. (2011). Leadership and Employees Reactions to Change: The Role of Leaders Personal Attributes and Transformational Leadership Style. Personal Psychology, 64, 627-699.

Oreg, S., Vakola, M. dan Armenakis, A. (2013). Change Recipients Reactions to Organizational Change: A Sixty-Year Review of Quantitative Studies. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 47, 461-524.

Paren, J. (2010). Resistance to Change. Journal of Economics, 1, 1-10

Penava, S. dan Sehic, D. (2014). The Relevance of Transformational Leadership in Shaping Employee Attitudes towards Organizational Change. Economic Annals, 59, 147-150.

Primadani, A.B. F. (2012). Hubungan Antara Komitmen Organisasi dengan Kesiapan untuk Berubah pada Karyawan Divisi Enterprise Service (DES) Telkom Ketitang Surabaya. Jurnal Psikologi Industri dan Organisasi, 1(2), 23-34.

Podsakoff, M.P., Scott.B., MacKenzie, R.H., dan Moorman, R.F. (1990). Leadership Quaterly, 1(2), 107-142.

Portoghese, I., Galleta, M., Battistelli, A., Saiani, L., Penna, P.M. dan Allegrini, E. (2012). Change-Related Expectations and Commitment to Change of Nurses: The Role of Leadership and Communocation. Journal of Nursing Management, 20, 582-591.

Rafferty, E.A., Jimmieson, L., Armenakis, A. (2013). Change Readiness: A Multilevel Review. Journal of Management, 39(1), 110-135.

Riaz, N.M. (2009). Role of Individual and Organizational Factors in Leadership. Journal of Psychology, 40(2), 69-83.

Robbins, S. H. dan Judge, A.T. (2007). Organizational Behavior. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Schlesinger, H. W. dan Bernhardt, E.S. (2013). Biogeochemistry An Analysis of Global Change. British Library. 87-88.

Sekaran,U. dan Bougie, R.J. (2013). Research Methods for Business: A Skill-Building Approach. Chichester John Wiley and Sons Ltd.

Shah, N. dan Shah, S.G. (2010). Relationships Between Employee Readiness For Organisational Change, Supervisor And Peer Relations And Demography.Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 23 (5), 640-652.

Singh, K. (2008). Relationship between Learning Organization and Transformational Leadership: Banking Organization in India. International Journal of Business and Management Science, 1(1), 97-111.

Statistik Perbankan Indonesia. (2015). http://www.bi.go.id/id/perbankanikhtisar.

Diakses pada tanggal 20 Januari 2017.

Stevens, G.W. (2013) .Toward a Process-Based Approach of Conceptualizing Change Readiness. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 49,333-360.

Tsai, Y., Hung, C. dan Wu. F. (2015). The Effects of Ethical Work Climate on Organizational Commitment in Taiwanese Military Units. Management Studies, 9(4), 664-680.

Uzkurt, C., Kumar,. Kimzan, S.H. dan Eminoglu, G. (2013). Role of Innovation in the Relationship Between Organizational Culture and Firm Performance. European Journal of Innovation Management, 16 (1). 92.117.

Vermeulen, F., Puranam, P., dan Gulati, R. (2010). Change for changes sake. Harvard Business Review, 71-76.

Visagle, C. M., & Steyn, C. (2011). Organizational Commitment and Responses to Planned Organization Change: An Exploratory Study: Southern African: Business Review, 15 (3). 98-121.

Voet, D. (2016). Change Leadership and Public Sector Organizational Change: Examining the Interactions of Transformational Ledership Style and Red Tape. American Review of Public Administration,46(6). 660-682.

Vogel, A.C. dan Rowold, J. (2014). Leadership Commitment to Change and Their Effectiveness in Change a Multilevel Inevestigation. Journal of Organizational Change, 27(6), 900-921.

Werkman, R.A. (2009). Understanding failure to change: a pluralistic approach and five patterns. Journal Leadership & Organization Development, 30, 664-684.

Yang, F.Y. (2016). Examining Competing Models of Transformational Leadership, Leadership Trust, Change Commitment, and Job Satisfaction. Psychological Reports, 119(1), 154-173.

Yukl, G. (2011). Leadership In Organizations. 6th Edition. Prentice Hall.

Zhang, X., Li, N., Ullrich, J. dan Dick V.R. (2015). Getting Everyone on Board: The Effect of Differentiated Transformational Leadership by CEOs on Top Management Team Effectiveness and Leader-Rated Firm Performance. Journal of Management, 41 (7), 1898-1933.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/exero.v1i1.1662

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2018 Putri Oktovita Sari