Kesepian dan Regulasi Emosi pada Emerging Adulthood

Vanessa Theja, Laurentius Sandi Witarso

Abstract


Abstract. Emerging adulthood is marked by the stage of experiencing intimacy vs isolation where they need to establish intimate relationships with their surroundings. Failure in establishing close relationships with those around him can make they feel lonely and will experience a variety of negative emotions. Emotion regulation is one way for individuals to control the emotions. Research on loneliness and emotion regulation needs to be studied further because there is a lot of focus on elderly subjects. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between loneliness and emotion regulation including cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression on early adulthood individuals. The research was conducted using a quantitative method with a correlational design. Participants in this study are 138 people with an age range of 18-25 years. Researchers used the convenience sampling method and used the third version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation to examine the correlation between the two variables. The results showed that loneliness in early adulthood was correlated with expressive suppression (r = 0.35, n = 138, p < 0.05, two-tailed). Early adulthood individuals tend to use expressive suppression as an emotion regulation strategy when experiencing loneliness. Meanwhile, loneliness did not correlate with cognitive reappraisal because it is suspected that individuals tend to have good well-being  (r = 0.05, n = 138, p > 0.05, two-tailed). Future research can examine other factors that can influence the relationship between the two variables in early adulthood.

 

 


Keywords


loneliness;emotion regulation;emerging adulthood

Full Text:

PDF

References


Bartlett, J. E., Kotrlik, J. W., & Higgins, C. C. (2001). Organizational research: Determining appropriate sample size in survey research. Information Technology, Learning, and Performance Journal, 19(1), 42–50. https://www.opalco.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Reading-Sample- Size1.pdf

Berk, L. E. (2014). Development through the lifespan (6th Edition). Boston: Pearson.

Blanchard-Fields, F., Stein, R., & Watson, T. L. (2004). Age differences in emotion-regulation strategies in handling everyday problems. Journal of Gerontology: PSYCHOLOGICAL, SCIENCES, 59B(6), 261-269. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/59.6.P261

Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education.

Cutuli, D. (2014). Cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression strategies role in the emotion regulation: An overview on their modulatory effects and neural correlates. Frontiers in System Neuroscience, 8(175), 1-6. doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2014.00175

Domagala-Krecioch, A., & Majerek, B. (2013). The issue of loneliness in the period of “Emerging adulthood”. European Scientific Journal, 2, 534-541. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2013.v9n10p%25p

Dryman, M. T., & Heimberg, R. G. (2018). Emotion regulation in social anxiety and depression: A systematic review of expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal. Clinical Psychology Review, 65, 17-42. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2018.07.004

Gravetter, F. J., & Wallnau, L. B. (2017). Statistics for the behavioral sciences (10th ed.). Cengage learning.

Gross, J. J. (1998). Antecedent- and response-focused emotion regulation: Divergent consequences for experience, expression, and physiology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(1), 224-237. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9457784/

Gross, J. J. (2014). Handbook of Emotion Regulation. New York, NY: Guilford Publications.

Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348-362. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348

Hawkley, L., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2010). Loneliness matters: A theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms. The Society of Behavioral Medicine, 40(2), 218-227. doi:10.1007/s12160-010-9210-8

John, O. P., & Gross, J. J. (2004). Healthy and unhealthy emotion regulation: Personality processes, individual differences, and life span development. Journal of Personality, 72(6), 1301-1334. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00298.x

Karim, A., & Sumaryanti, I. U. (2021). Studi deskriptif kesepian pada emerging adulthood yang melakukan online dating. Prosiding Psikologi, (7)2, 393-397. https://dx.doi.org/10.29313/.v0i0.28370

Mishra, P., Pandey, C. M., Singh, U., Gupta, A., Sahu, C., & Keshri, A. (2019). Descriptive statistics and normality tests for statistical data. Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia, 22(1), 67-72. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6350423/pdf/ACA-22-67.pdf

Montgomery, M. J. (2005). Psychosocial intimacy and identitfy from early adolescene to emerging adulthood. Journal of Adolescene Research. DOI:10.1177/0743558404273118

Permana, M. Z., & Astuti, M. F. (2021). Gambaran kesepian pada emerging adulthood. Proyeksi, 16(2), 133-142. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jp.16.2.133-142

Preece, D. A., Goldenberg, A., Becerra, R., Boyes, M., Hasking, P., & Gross, J. J. (2021). Loneliness and emotion regulation. Personality and Individual Differences, 180, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110974

Putri, Q. A. M. S. (2019). Hubungan self-compassion dengan loneliness (studi pada mahasiswa Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau). Skripsi Fakultas Psikologi. http://repository.uin-suska.ac.id/24799/1/without%20bab%204%20%2B%20lampiran.pdf

Privitera, G. J. (2018). Statistics for the behavioral sciences (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.

Russel, D. W. (1996). UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 66(1), 20-40. DOI:10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2

Santrock, J. W. (2013). Life-span development (14th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Silaen, A. C., & Dewi, K. S. (2015). Hubungan antara regulasi emosi dengan asertivitas (Studi korelasi pada siswa di SMA Negeri 9 Semarang). Jurnal Empati, 4(2), 175-181.

https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/empati/article/view/14912

Suwartono, C., & Bintamur, D. (2019). Validation of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ): Network analysis as an alternative of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal, 34(3), 115-124. doi:10.24123/aipj.v34i3.2300

The Campaign to End Loneliness. (2020). The Psychology of Loneliness: Why it matters and what can we do. https://www.campaigntoendloneliness.org/wp-content/uploads/Psychology_of_Loneliness_FINAL_REPORT.pdf

Zimmermann, P., & Iwanski, A. (2014). Emotion regulation from early adolescence to emerging adulthood and middle adulthood: Age differences, gender differences, and emotion-specific developmental variations. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 38(2), 182-194. DOI: 10.1177/0165025413515405




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/suksma.v4i2.6454

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Web Analytics

View My Stats